The technical name for the loss of the ability to smell, as opposed to taste, is anosmia. This is known as retronasal olfaction.Īdditionally, the tongue contains taste buds that perceive the basic tastes of sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami, adding to the overall taste sensation.Ĭomplete loss of the ability of the tongue to perceive these basic tastes is known as ageusia, while decreased sensitivity is known as hypogeusia.Ī third condition, dysgeusia, involves a persistent, unpleasant taste in the mouth - such as sour, metallic, or rancid - that can taint the flavor of all food and drink. Chewing food releases odors, which sense receptors in the back of the nose detect.
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